Clean soldering iron tip to the copper solder pad and the component lead, in order to heat both items at the same time. (Left) Continue heating and apply a few millimetres of solder. Soldering is process of joining two metals together with soldering iron by the use of a solder to form a dependable electrical joint. This is a basic soldering guide for beginners about hand soldering with a soldering iron. I hope that it will be good help for most of your DIY projects from electronics. How to Enable You. Tube's Secret Dark Mode in Chrome. If you’re running Google Chrome 5. Here’s how to turn it on: Head to You. Open up the developer menu by pressing Ctrl+Shift+I on Windows (Option +Command+I on Mac).

• Basic Soldering For Electronics

Soldering is process of joining two metals together with soldering iron by the use of a solder to form a dependable electrical joint. This is a basic soldering guide for beginners about hand soldering with a soldering iron. I hope that it will be good help for most of your DIY projects from electronics. If you are experienced in soldering, your comments are welcome in 'comments' area. In this instructable I will cover the following topics: - safety precautions before we start soldering operation -choosing appropriate soldering iron and solder - preparing for soldering -soldering -inspection of solder joints. Most of solder wires or solder paste contain lead (solder alloy is mixture of tin and lead). During soldering operation lead may produce fumes that are dangerous for your health.

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In addition, soldering wire usually has a flux in the middle of wire. There are different types of cored solder with different solder to flux rate.

Flux containing rosin (colophony) produces solder fumes that, if inhaled, can be hazardous. • Soldering should be performed only in a well-ventilated area. • Use smoke absorber • Soldering iron is very HOT (for most of soldering operation temperature of iron is 350 -400 degrees Celsius). Never touch tip of the soldering iron with your hand. • Never leave your hot iron down on anything other than an iron stand.

• Keep flammable liquids and materials (such as alcohol, solvent etc.) away from the work area. • Wear eye protection. • Do not cut off a grounding prong on an iron plug to make it fit an ungrounded receptacle. • Hold wires to be heated with tweezers, pliers or clamps to avoid receiving burns on your fingers from objects that are heated. • Wear ESD (Electro-Static Discharge) protection if you are going to solder electro-static sensitive components such as CMOS components. For most of DIY projects it will be good enough to wear ESD wrist straps (shown on the picture below).

• Wash your hands with soap and water after soldering. Main requirement in the process of soldering is heat. Soldering iron is tool that generates heat. There are wide selection of soldering stations, soldering irons and soldering guns. They come in a wide variety of shapes, sizes and wattages. Which soldering iron is the best soldering iron for you depends on the types of soldering projects that you plan to do.

Click here if you wish to read reviews about some most popular soldering irons. For every soldering project you need enough heat to quickly melt the solder and apply it to solder joint, but at the same time you do not want too much heat that can burn or melt delicate electronic components on circuit boards.

If you do not pay attention on temperature of iron you can accidentally ruin your soldering project by applying too much heat. Too much heat from soldering iron can damage or even lift and break copper conductors and pads on circuit board as well. Electronic temperature control means that you will always know if the tip of the soldering iron is hot enough for the material you are soldering. It makes your soldering process a whole lot easier. Temperature of iron can be adjusted with the front panel temperature control knob - you can precisely control the temperature of soldering iron within 9 degrees Fahrenheit. This means that you can rest assured that your soldering iron is hot enough and ready for soldering, and at same time you know that it is not too hot to burn components on circuit board.

This is main reason why I always recommend a temperature controlled soldering iron. In this instructable I am using 50 Watts Weller WESD51 temperature controlled soldering iron. For soldering operation we also need a solder. One of the most commonly used solder alloys is solder that is 60% tin (Sn) and 40% lead (Pb). Another commonly used solder alloy is solder that is 63% tin (Sn) and 37% lead (Pb) – this works especially well on small electronic parts. Recently, there is big increase in use of lead-free solder since lead fumes can be dangerous for health.

Solder is usually in form of solder wire (with flux in the middle of wire). Solder wire is available in different sizes but in soldering of electronic circuits we usually use solder wire which thickness is 010” 020' and 030”. In this project I am using a solder wire 030” which is 60% tin (Sn) and 40% lead (Pb).

Turn on power switch on soldering station. Set desired temperature of soldering station by turning knob on front panel. Most of good soldering stations take 1-2 minutes to reach to desired temperature. Use distilled water to dampen the sponge in the stand (sponge should be damp, not soaking wet).

The iron tip should be cleaned before every use by wiping it on wet sponge (when tip is hot enough). A brand new tip needs to be coated, heated, and then covered with solder before its first use (this technique is called “tinning“of the tip). The purpose of tinning is to form a thin layer around the tip which provides the better transfer of heat from the tip to the solder joint.

Only clean iron tip transfers heat well. Clean properly the soldering area and all components as well. All components must be clean and free from oxidation or any other contamination. You cannot make a good solder joint on a dirty soldering surface – solder simply will not stick to dirty component or dirty pads on printed circuit board. The copper pads on circuit board should be wiped with a solvent such as isopropyl alcohol to remove any grease and if needed with abrasive stick. Then, some flux should be applied.

Flux is mixture of natural and synthetic rosins. Flux removes oxide film and keeps removing it during soldering process. This oxide film forms very quickly on the surface of heated metal. Insert component in circuit board by using a pair of tweezers. If soldering iron is hot enough, take it from stand and hold it as a pen. Place a tip of soldering iron to the solder joint and hold for a couple of seconds. Make sure that iron tip touches at the same time both the copper pad on circuit board and the component lead.

Heating the only one part but not the other will result in poorly created joints. Thermal linkage is the area of contact between the iron tip and surface of solder joint. Tom and ben jokes.

The contact between the iron tip and surface is usually very small straight line along iron tip. Thermal linkage can be significantly increased by adding a small amount of solder to the line of contact between iron tip and surface.

Molten solder forms a heat bridge between the tip and the solder joint. This solder bridge provides the better and quicker transfer of heat into the solder joint.

Continue heating and then apply some solder to the solder joint, not to the tip of soldering iron. Solder should melt and flow smoothly onto the copper surface of pad filling a gap between component lead and copper pad. Two most common problems with soldering are adding too much or not enough solder.

All soldering operation should be completed in less than 2 seconds. The time of soldering operation depends on the temperature of your iron and size of the joint. If we keep applying heat longer than 2 seconds, this can break the pads or conductors on circuit board or damage temperature-sensitive components. Remove the soldering iron while keeping the joint sill - do not move circuit board for a few seconds to allow the joint to cool down and solder to solidify. Clean flux residues with ethanol alcohol or some other solvent. Immediately after soldering, start visual inspection of solder joint. Good magnifying lamp (or a microscope) is required for proper and thorough inspection.

Use an ohm-meter to test a solder joint for continuity. Adjacent components may be bridged together or the joint may need additional solder for good electrical continuity - too much solder will cause bridging and too little solder can cause weak solder joints. Good solder joint should be smooth, volcano-shaped, shiny and bright. Bad solder joints are cold solder joints, solder bridges, solder balls.

Click here for more details about hand soldering with soldering iron. A few additional details to an excellent guide; 1--A cheap or low powered soldering iron can be very frustrating. A 40 watt can be good for normal #14 and smaller wire 60 watt for bigger stuff--it should quickly (= less than 1 second) melt the solder. After a while an iron can lose power but often simply taking the cold tip out and putting it back in will renew it. 2--Lead free solder can be hard to use--A small fan can blow the little bit of leaded solder smoke away from you. 3--It is easy to over heat the wire which makes it brittle and prone to breaking down the road.

Because of this it is now illegal to solder many joints in Aerospace and transportation where vibration and movement occur. Getting a good hot iron to quickly heat up the joint then getting it off quickly is the trick. In aerospace Anderson connectors are often used--they require a special crimper but eliminate the need to solder connections and provide a superior joint.

They are a plug and are very good for some applications. 4--Constantly (every 20-30 seconds) wipe the tip on the wet sponge mentioned to keep the tip smooth and shiny looking--prevents the tip from deteriorating.

This is why most iron holders have a sponge holder built in. I cant get the solder to melt. I'm using a 117v ~ 25W solder iron. I melt a little solder on the tip of the iron like you and all the other tutorials say, but even that takes longer than 2 seconds. It takes about 3 to 4 seconds. I then apply the iron to the wires that I am soldering (I'm not soldering a circuit board. I soldering wires together.

But other tutorials confirm that the process is the same as you described) for a few seconds, then apply the solder to the other side of the wires as you recommend and other tutorials recommend as well. NOT to the iron tip. It doesn't matter how long I leave the iron or solder applied to the wires or how still I hold either, nothing happens. I have not been able to get any solder to melt onto any wires. It is becoming very frustrating. Any help would be appreciated.

Soldering Processes Tutorial Includes • • • • • • • • • • Soldering is a technique that is essential in the construction of electronic equipment. The concept of soldering ahs been used since the very earliest days of radio and electronics, and the basic concept has remained unchanged, although many advances have been made, and the reliability and safety of the soldering process have greatly improved over the years. Soldering in the production of electronic equipment can take many forms. In the mass production of electronic equipment, automated techniques are widely used, and techniques such as wave soldering, or infra-red reflow soldering are likely to be used.

However the concept of manual soldering is still widely used both in commercial and home environments. The use of a soldering iron and leaded electronic components is still used in a number of situations. Soldering equipment There are some obvious requirements for soldering equipment. Some of the soldering equipment is less obvious, but equally important. A list of some of the more obvious soldering equipment is given below: • Soldering iron • Soldering iron holder or stand • Solder • Wire cutters • Small pliers • Vice or holding frame This is a short list of some of the more important items of soldering equipment. There are many more items that could be included, from solder suckers for de-soldering and anti-static mats for ensuring that components are not damaged by static.

The soldering iron This is obviously the key piece of equipment and it is essential that it is right for the job. For commercial work, temperature controlled soldering irons are essential to ensure that that good solder joints can be made reliably. The much cheaper non-temperature controlled soldering irons may be suitable for occasional home construction work. However they are not ideal because their temperature regulation results simply from the cooling of the bit, and when being used for soldering heat will be extracted and the temperature will fall. Additionally the temperature of the soldering iron will rise and fall dependent upon a variety of other factors ranging from the location, the temperature of the day, whether the iron is in a draught, etc.

Thus their temperature will only be approximately in the right region for soldering. Fully temperature controlled soldering irons have a thermostat to control the temperature. This is also adjustable and enables the soldering iron temperature to be set and maintained at the correct value. Soldering iron holder or stand In view of the fact that soldering irons reach temperatures in excess of 200 C, it is essential for health and safety reasons that they are held in a proper holder or stand when not in use. This will offer protection from being accidentally touched - an essential requirement in any laboratory situation. Soldering iron stands are available for professional soldering irons. Solder Suitable solder is also required.

This is normally in the form of a reel of solder 'wire'. Today lead free solder is usually required for commercial manufacturing applications to comply with health and safety as well as environmental directives for many countries. The solder that is used is the solder manufactured for electronic applications.

This contains cores of flux to enable the joints to be cleaned so that good reliable joints are produced. Wire cutters A good pair of wire cutters is needed when soldering. Often wires need to be trimmed after components have been soldered in place.

Basic Soldering For Electronics

For most applications today, a small pair of cutters is best as components are small and wires are not very thick. Additionally a special pair of cutters for trimming the ends of wires that have been passed through a printed circuit board and soldered. Pliers A small pair of pliers is also useful when soldering because they may be needed for pulling wires, forming them and holding them in place. As most components these days are small, a small pair of pliers is all that is needed. Vice or holding frame The first stage of any soldering job is to put the components into position.

Often a vice or other instrument is needed to hold the work if the unit is not large enough to sit on a workbench. Often small assemblies need to be held in position and a suitable vice enables the work to be held at the correct angle to enable it to be assembled and soldered. Printed circuit boards that us conventional leaded components normally have the components on one side of the board and the soldered joints on the other. It is therefore necessary to load the board (commonly called stuffing the board) from one side and then turn it over to perform the soldering. To prevent the components falling out the leads can be bent outwards slightly. Alternatively a holding frame can be used. The frame consists of the basic frame with a sheet of metal of board covered normally in foam rubber.

Once the components are loaded, the board can be placed over the components to hold them in place as the board is turned over. This makes the process of inserting the components and soldering them far easier.

Other soldering equipment In addition to the very basic items mentioned above, a fully equipped soldering and re-work area will have a variety of other tools. One of the major elements that is always required in any electronics production area is the ability for re-work. There will always be board failures and as a result, components need to e removed and replaced. This needs to be done using skill and the right equipment so that no damage is caused. While de-soldering tools are helpful a full solder station is an essential item. The solder station comprises equipment for solder and de-soldering.